Kenya’s correctional services system could be up for a radical transformation to address issues of special needs offender.
Prison authorities will now be required to develop assessment tools for all offenders at the intake so as identify those with special needs and separate them from other prisoners. Remand centres will further be obliged to put up specialised facilities to cater for the physically challenged.
The government has also set aside Sh50 million towards the refurbishment of the main psychiatric hospital at Mathari, which also houses psychiatric offenders , to ensure that they are provided with better accommodation facilities conducive for their treatment and rehabilitation.
Speaking in Nairobi yesterday, while officiating the opening ceremony of an International conference on special offenders, Vice President Kalonzo Musyoka said the Government has established an integrated correctional approach towards offender management in line with internationally accepted standards of evidence-based practice.
“No single agency, jurisdiction or government can single-handedly tackle the breadth of concerns and challenges that face special needs offenders,” said Mr. Musyoka, whose Home Affairs Ministry is in charge of correctional services.
Apart from the police, judiciary and correctional services, the Vice President said they also plan to bring on board scholars, medical practioners, non-state actors and the community in order to effectively address issues affecting special needs offenders.
“The police service is also undergoing reforms that include the establishment of gender and child protection units and recruitment of mental health practitioners,” the VP said.
The Vice President also announced that his ministry is in the process of drafting a right of persons detained, held in custody or imprisoned bill that will among other issues, provide a legal framework on how to handle special needs offenders.
Special needs offenders are defined by state laws which vary from country to country but generally, some of the offenders considered to have special needs include those with mental health problems, juvenile offenders and sex offenders. Others in this category are the physically disabled, pregnant women, and people with chronic or terminal illnesses.
Elderly offenders, those with severe social deficiencies, leaning disabilities or language barriers are also taken as special needs offenders. Others are those facing protective custody cases, death row inmates and those who chronically exhibit aggressive behaviour.
A recent situational analysis report prepared by the Ministry of Home Affairs shows that Kenya does not have adequate documentation on special needs offenders and most prison facilities were not designed with them in mind. There is also an inefficient referral system and concerned agencies don’t have capacity to handle special needs offenders.
Experts advocate for the establishment of special rehabilitative programmes for special needs offenders. They also argue that care givers working with special needs offenders work in risky conditions and thus need motivation in addition to improving physical amenities.